Figure 5
From: Osteoprotective effects of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi aqueous extract in aged ovariectomized rats
Effect of FLL aqueous extract on mRNA expression of OPG and RANKL compared with control in rat MSCs under osteogenic induction on Day 14. The mRNA expression levels of OPG and RANKL were determined using real-time PCR. The expression ratio of OPG-to-RANKL was also calculated. The expression levels of both genes were normalized on the basis of GAPDH expression. Fold difference were determined as the relative expression, compared with control cells without FLL treatment. Data are the mean ± SD (n = 3) from three independent experiments. * P < 0.05 for difference in OPG mRNA expression from culture without FLL treatment.