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Table 1 Comparisons of CM applications, pharmacological actions, and autophagy effects of Chaihu
| CM applications | Pharmacological effects | Autophagic effects |
|---|---|---|
| Improvement of alternating chills and fever | Antipyresis Antibacteria, antivirus, and anti-endotoxin Immunomodulation | Immunomodulation Anti-pathogens Modulation of cytokine secretion Removal of toxic mutant proteins and aggregates |
| Modulation of inflammatory symptoms and diseases | Immunomodulation Antibacteria and antivirus Modulation of cytokine secretion | Immunomodulation by pathogen and cytokine control Removal of abnormal protein aggregates Detoxification and degradation of toxins and inflammatory proteins |
| Reduction of distention and pain in the chest and flank Improvement of digestive functions: loss of appetite, dyspepsia, and flatulence | Hepatoprotection Anti-inflammation Anti-fibrosis Promotion of pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion | Cellular catabolism for removal of waste materials Immunomodulation Anti-pathogens Removal of toxic mutant proteins and aggregates Regulation of lipid metabolism |
| Improvement of circulation or stasis of blood and body fluid, and accumulation of phlegm | Promotion of cancer cell death Reduction in cancer cell proliferation Immunomodulation, apoptosis, and anti-angiogenesis | Maintenance of genomic stability Promotion of autophagic cell death Elimination of damaged proteins and cytotoxic substances |
| Improvement of emotional instability | Reduction in plasma lipid levels Hormonal regulation Glucose metabolism | Regulation of lipid metabolism Removal of toxic mutant proteins and aggregates |
