| Total | Frequency | Treatment group | Frequency | Sham group | Frequency | Chi-square test | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 68 | % | n = 33 | % | n = 35 | % | Test value | P | |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.108 | 0.743 |
 Male | 44 | 64.7 | 22 | 66.7 | 22 | 62.9 |  |  |
 Female | 24 | 35.3 | 11 | 33.3 | 13 | 37.1 |  |  |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 3.245 | 0.355 |
 20–30 | 7 | 10.3 | 5 | 15.2 | 2 | 5.7 |  |  |
 30–40 | 15 | 22.1 | 5 | 15.2 | 10 | 28.6 |  |  |
 40–50 | 24 | 35.3 | 11 | 33.3 | 13 | 37.1 |  |  |
 50–60 | 22 | 32.4 | 12 | 36.4 | 10 | 28.6 |  |  |
Diagnosis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 5.020 | 0.170 |
 Schizophrenia | 54 | 79.4 | 29 | 87.9 | 25 | 71.4 |  |  |
 Bipolar disorder | 1 | 1.5 | 1 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 |  |  |
 Depression | 1 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2.9 |  |  |
 Multiple diagnosis | 12 | 17.6 | 3 | 9.1 | 9 | 25.7 |  |  |
BMI | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.967 | 0.227 |
 <18.5 | 3 | 4.4 | 1 | 3.0 | 2 | 5.7 |  |  |
 18.5–23.9 | 29 | 42.6 | 11 | 33.3 | 18 | 51.4 |  |  |
 >23.9 | 36 | 52.9 | 21 | 63.6 | 15 | 42.9 |  |  |
Classification of occupation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.675 | 0.714 |
 Full-time | 10 | 14.7 | 6 | 18.2 | 4 | 11.4 |  |  |
 Part-time | 10 | 14.7 | 5 | 15.2 | 5 | 14.3 |  |  |
 Unemployment | 48 | 70.6 | 22 | 66.7 | 26 | 74.3 |  |  |
Highest education level | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.738 | 0.629 |
 Primary | 26 | 38.2 | 14 | 42.4 | 12 | 38.4 |  |  |
 Secondary | 39 | 57.4 | 17 | 51.5 | 22 | 62.9 |  |  |
 Tertiary | 2 | 2.9 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2.9 |  |  |
 Not educated | 1 | 1.5 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |  |  |
Living condition | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.021 | 0.870 |
 Private/public housing | 53 | 77.9 | 26 | 78.8 | 27 | 77.1 |  |  |
 Hostel | 15 | 22.1 | 7 | 21.2 | 8 | 22.9 |  |  |
Fluid intake | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.564 | 0.211 |
 <1500 ml | 30 | 44.1 | 12 | 36.4 | 18 | 51.4 |  |  |
 >1500 ml | 38 | 55.9 | 21 | 63.6 | 17 | 48.6 |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.041 | 0.839 |
Fiber intake | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 <20–35 g/day | 40 | 58.8 | 19 | 57.6 | 21 | 60 |  |  |
 >20–35 g/day | 28 | 41.2 | 14 | 42.4 | 14 | 40 |  |  |
Exercise more than twice per week | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.652 | 0.419 |
 Yes | 26 | 38.2 | 11 | 33.3 | 15 | 42.9 |  |  |
 No | 42 | 61.8 | 22 | 66.7 | 20 | 57.1 |  |  |
How long have you taken anti-psychotic drugs | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.244 | 0.265 |
 <24 months | 7 | 10.3 | 2 | 6.1 | 5 | 14.3 |  |  |
 >24 months | 61 | 89.7 | 31 | 93.9 | 30 | 85.7 |  |  |
Do you have constipation after taking anti-psychotic drugs | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.095 | 0.758 |
 Yes | 42 | 61.8 | 21 | 63.6 | 21 | 60 |  |  |
 No | 26 | 38.2 | 12 | 36.4 | 14 | 40 |  |  |
Do you taking laxatives or other drug for relieving constipation during study? | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.075 | 0.785 |
 Yes | 30 | 44.1 | 14 | 42.4 | 16 | 45.7 |  |  |
 No | 38 | 55.9 | 19 | 57.6 | 19 | 54.3 |  |  |
The total number of drugs used for relieving constipation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.661 | 0.436 |
 0 | 39 | 57.4 | 19 | 57.6 | 20 | 57.1 |  |  |
 1 | 16 | 23.5 | 6 | 18.2 | 10 | 28.6 |  |  |
 >1 | 13 | 19.1 | 8 | 24.2 | 5 | 14.3 |  |  |
The total number of drugs used for treating psychiatric illness | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.231 | 0.891 |
 1 | 17 | 25 | 9 | 27.3 | 8 | 22.9 |  |  |
 2–3 | 39 | 57.4 | 18 | 54.5 | 21 | 60 |  |  |
 >3 | 12 | 17.6 | 6 | 18.2 | 6 | 17.1 |  |  |