Table 1 Bottom-up and top-down approaches in pharmacological research of CM formula
Approach | Bottom-up | Top-down |
|---|---|---|
Representative methodology | Network pharmacology | Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacoproteomics, Pharmcometabolomics |
Question solving order | From small (compounds) to large (disease pathways) | From large (biological pathways) to small (compound) |
Hypothesis forming | Easy | Hard |
Multiple hypotheses producing | Yes | No, usually single |
Hypothesis testing | Hard | Easy |