Table 1 Saponins reported from CR

1

3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

2

3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

3

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

4

3-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

5

3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

6

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

7

3-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

8

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 3)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

9

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid or

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 3)[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

10

3-O-α-l-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-rhamnopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Montoya et al. [20]

11

3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl] hederagenin

Montoya et al. [20]

12

3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-β-d-glucuronopyranosy1-28-O-α-l-xylopyranosyl hederagenin

Montoya et al. [20]

13

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl hederagenin or

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl hederagenin

Montoya et al. [20]

14

3-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl hederagenin

Montoya et al. [20]

15

3-O-α-d-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl hederagenin

Montoya et al. [20]

16

3-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl hederagenin

Montoya et al. [20]

17

3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl gypsogmin

Montoya et al. [20]

18

3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β- d-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogmin

Montoya et al. [20]

19

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl gypsogmin

Montoya et al. [20]

20

3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-(n-butyl-β-d-glucopyranosiduronate)]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

21

3-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-(β-d-glucuronopyranosyl)] oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

22

3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

23

3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid

Zhou et al. [18, 19]

24

28-O-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl hederagenin

Zhou et al. [18, 19]