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Table 1 Information of the studied samples

From: Specific DNA identification of Pheretima in the Naoxintong capsule

Material

Description

Batch no.

Source

Sample identity

Pheretima

Genuine

P1–P3

Buchang

Metaphire vulgaris

P4

Buchang

Metaphire guillelmi

P5

Market

Metaphire vulgaris

P6–P10

Market

Amynthas aspergillus

Adulterant

P11

Market

Metaphire magna ssp.

P12

Market

N/A

P13

Market

N/A

P14

Market

N/A

P15

Market

Metaphire californica

NXT capsules

 

N1–N9

Buchang

Pheretima: Metaphire vulgaris

N10

Homemade

Pheretima: P6

N11

Homemade

Pheretima: P4

N13

Homemade

Pheretima: P11

N14

Homemade

Pheretima: P12

N15

Homemade

Pheretima: P13

N16

Homemade

Pheretima: P14

N17

Homemade

Pheretima: P15

Pheretima-deficient NXTC

 

T4840

Homemade

 
  1. * All the crude drugs were identified via their morphological features by Guangdong Institute for Drug Control (Guangdong, China) according to ChP 2015 and confirmed by DNA sequencing using the universal primers of COI. Buchang: Shaanxi Buchang Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. (Shaanxi, China)
  2. N/A not available