Table 1 The authentic herbal materials and their corresponding nonauthentic herbal materials
| No | Authentic herbal materials | The corresponding nonauthentic herbal materials | Similarities | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Cyperi rhizoma (Cyperus rotundus L.) |
Semiaquilegiae radix (Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino) | Morphological appearance; color | [24] |
| 2 | Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.) |
Aucklandiae radix (Aucklandia lappa Decne.) | Morphological appearance; characteristics | [25] |
| 3 | Pulsatillae radix (Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel) |
Rhapontici radix (Rhaponticum uniflorum (L.) DC.) | Morphological appearance; color | [26] |
| 4 | Ginseng radix et rhizoma (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.) | Phytolaccae radix (Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.) | Morphological appearance; color; Chinese name | [27, 28] |
| Glehniae radix (Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schmidtex Miq.) | ||||
| 5 | Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizoma (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge.) |
Dipsaci radix (Dipsacus asper Wall. ex Henry) | Morphological appearance; color | [29, 30] |
| 6 | Peucedani radix (Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn) |
Saposhnikoviae radix (Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.) | Morphological appearance; characteristics | [31] |