Table 1 The authentic herbal materials and their corresponding nonauthentic herbal materials

1

Cyperi rhizoma

(Cyperus rotundus L.)

Semiaquilegiae radix

(Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino)

Morphological appearance; color

[24]

2

Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.)

Aucklandiae radix

(Aucklandia lappa Decne.)

Morphological appearance; characteristics

[25]

3

Pulsatillae radix (Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel)

Rhapontici radix

(Rhaponticum uniflorum (L.) DC.)

Morphological appearance; color

[26]

4

Ginseng radix et rhizoma (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.)

Phytolaccae radix (Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.)

Morphological appearance; color; Chinese name

[27, 28]

Glehniae radix (Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schmidtex Miq.)

5

Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizoma (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge.)

Dipsaci radix

(Dipsacus asper Wall. ex Henry)

Morphological appearance; color

[29, 30]

6

Peucedani radix (Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn)

Saposhnikoviae radix

(Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.)

Morphological appearance; characteristics

[31]