Fig. 1

CPT induced anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. a Chemical structure of CPT. b The cells were treated with CPT (0, 2, 4, 8 μM) for 24 h. The cell viability of CPT was determined by MTT assay. n = 4. c The cells were pretreated with CPT at indicated concentrations for 1 h before being stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for another 24 h. The nitrite level was determined using Griess reagent assay. n = 4. d–f The cells were pretreated with CPT (0, 2, 4, 8 μM) for 1 h before stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for another 24 h. The protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were determined by immunoblotting. n = 3. g–h The cells were pretreated with indicated concentrations of CPT (0, 2, 4, 8 μM) for 1 h before stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for another 6 h. The nitric oxide (NO) level was determined by flow cytometry using DAF-FM staining (1 μM). n = 3. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared with LPS alone group