Table 1 Solubility of some TCM active components in water and ethanol
From: Research progress on the ethanol precipitation process of traditional Chinese medicine
| Component category | Active component | Solubility in water | Solubility in ethanol | Unit of solubility | Temperature/ °C | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenolic acids | Rosmarinic acid | 1.35 × 10−2 | 2.68 × 10−1 | mol/mol | 20 | [11] |
| Gallic acid | 1.07 | 23.7 | g/100 g | 25 | [12] | |
| Gentisic acid | 2.20 | 45.5 | g/100 g | 25 | [12] | |
| Phenols | 2-Naphthol | 0.00 | 2.49 × 10−1 | mol/mol | 20 | [13] |
| Catechol | 7.52 × 10−2 | 3.57 × 10−1 | mol/mol | 20 | [13] | |
| Hydroquinone | 1.02 × 10−2 | 1.88 × 10−1 | mol/mol | 20 | [13] | |
| Curcumin | 2.15 × 10−8 | 6.62 × 10−4 | mol/mol | 20 | [14] | |
| trans-Resveratrol | 2.90 × 10−6 | 1.56 × 10−2 | mol/mol | 20 | [15] | |
| Flavonoids | Apigenin | 7.00 × 10−7 | 2.44 × 10−4 | mol/mol | 15 | [16] |
| Baicalein | 6.63 × 10−6 | 1.04 × 10−3 | mol/mol | 20 | [17] | |
| Chrysin | 1.26 × 10−5 | 6.89 × 10−3 | mol/mol | 20 | [18] | |
| Genistein | 5.30 × 10−6 | 3.74 × 10−2 | mol/L | 25 | [19] | |
| Luteolin | 1.75 × 10−6 | 1.88 × 10−3 | mol/mol | 25 | [20] | |
| Hesperetin | 2.40 × 10−6 | 7.30 × 10−2 | mol/L | 20 | [21] | |
| Hesperidin | 1.42 × 10−7 | 3.08 × 10−5 | mol/mol | 20 | [22] | |
| Naringenin | 6.62 × 10−7 | 9.20 × 10−3 | mol/mol | 20 | [23] | |
| Naringin | 9.76 × 10−7 | 3.98 × 10−5 | mol/mol | 20 | [24] | |
| Daidzin | 4.10 × 10−6 | 3.97 × 10−4 | mol/mol | 20 | [25] | |
| Daidzein | 6.08 × 10−8 | 2.70 × 10−4 | mol/mol | 20 | [26] | |
| Alkaloids | Piperine | 1.07 × 10−5 | 8.99 × 10−3 | mol/mol | 25 | [27] |
| Coumarins | Osthole | 4.86 × 10−7 | 1.75 × 10−2 | mol/mol | 20 | [28] |
| Isoimperatorin | 7.42 × 10−7 | 3.77 × 10−3 | mol/mol | 20 | [29] |