Research progress on the ethanol precipitation process of traditional Chinese medicine

Tai, Yanni; Shen, Jichen; Luo, Yu; Qu, Haibin; Gong, Xingchu

doi:10.1186/s13020-020-00366-2

Chinese Medicine

Table 3 The experimental design, optimization objective, and critical factors of the EPP

From: Research progress on the ethanol precipitation process of traditional Chinese medicine

Medicinal materials or compound preparations	Experimental design	Optimization objective	Critical factors	References
Danshen	Plackett–Burman design, Box–Behnken design	Highest protocatechualdehyde content	ρ, pH value of EP solution	[63]
Danshen	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of impurity removal and retention rate of total salvianolic acids	ρ, C_e, ethanol flowrate	[64]
Danshen	Central composite design	The highest purity of danshensu	WC_c, C_e, DE	[65]
Cinobufacini extract	Single factor design, orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of cinobufacini retention, impurity removal rate and cinobufacini purity	Φ, ρ, C_e, T	[66]
Kuanxin oral liquid	Orthogonal design	Low dry extract rate or high danshensu content	ρ, Φ	[67]
Danshen	Fractional factorial design, Box–Behnken design	The highest removal of saccharides	SC_c, DE, T, hydrochloric acid content	[68]
Danhong injection	Fractional factorial design	Not optimized	WC_c, C_e, DE	[69]
Danhong Injection	Box–Behnken design	Content of five active components such as danshensu and total solids were within the control range	WC_c, C_e, DE	[70]
Danshen	Box–Behnken design	Not optimized	ρ, DE, T	[71]
Schisandrae Chinensis fructus	Central composite design	Not optimized	DE, C_e	[72]
Guanxinning injection	Box–Behnken design	Constructed a satisfaction function with the retention rate of active components such as danshensu and total solids removal rate to maximize the value	SC_c, DE, T	[73]
Danhong injection	Central composite design	Retention rate and total solids removal rate of danshensu and other active components meet the standards	WC_c, C_e, DE, T	[74]
Qingmai granules	Orthogonal design	High dry extract rate or high diosgenin content	ρ, Φ	[75]
Gardeniae FRUCTUS	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of peak area of geniposide and total peak areas of fourteen chemical components	ρ	[76]
Hemorrhoid fumigants	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of total alkaloid content and dry extract rate	Φ	[77]
Fermentative fluid of Cordyceps	Orthogonal design	The highest extracellular polysaccharides content	DE	[78]
Safflower injection	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of total flavonoid loss rate and dry extract rate	t	[79]
Changkang granules	Single factor design	The highest comprehensive score of impurity removal rate and content of four active components such as hypericin	ρ, Φ	[46]
Ephedran	Single factor design, central composite design	The highest polysaccharide yield	C_c, Φ	[80]
Lanshen lipid-lowering prescription	Orthogonal design	High ratio of total saponin content to dry extract rate	t	[81]
Fufang Shenqi soft capsules	Orthogonal design	High total polysaccharide content and low dry extract rate	ρ, Φ	[82]
Dangshen	Plackett–Burman design, Box–Behnken design	Total flavonoid recovery, dry matter removal, and pigment removal meet the standards	SC_c, C_e, DE	[83]
Liuwei Dihuang decoction	Plackett–Burman design, Box–Behnken design	The highest transfer rates of morroniside, loganin, and paeoniflorin	ρ, Φ, t, SS, centrifuge or not	[84]
Trillium tschonoskii maxim	Single factor design, orthogonal design	The highest polysaccharide yield	Φ	[85]
Liuwei Dihuang decoction metabolized by photosynthetic bacteria	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of paeonol content, polysaccharide content, and dry extract rate	C_c	[86]
Qiguiyin formula	Single factor design	The highest comprehensive score of astragaloside content, chlorogenic acid content, and dry extract rate	C_c, Φ	[87]
Lonicerae Japonicae and Artemisiae Annuae Herba in reducing injection	Single factor design, Box–Behnken design	Constructed a satisfaction function based on a comprehensive score of the transfer rate of five components such as neochlorogenic acid and solid content to maximize the value	ρ, temperature before EP, T	[88]
Bishuang Paidu granules	Single factor design	The retention rate of baicalin and decrement of solid matter were high	Φ	[89]
Herba Sarcandrae	Single factor design, orthogonal design	The highest transfer rate of tannin	Stirring time, T	[90]
Zizyphus jujube cv. Dongzao	Orthogonal design	The highest polysaccharide yield	CR, DE	[91]
Zhenjing Xiehuo granules	Orthogonal design	The dry extract rate, liquiritin content, and salvianolic acid B content were highest	Φ	[92]
Xuanbi Antong formula	Orthogonal design	The highest content of five components such as salvianolic acid B and dry extract content	No significant factor	[93]
Meretrix meretrix	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of yield and mass fraction of water-soluble polysaccharide	CR, Φ	[94]
Guben Bushen oral liquid	Orthogonal design	The highest polysaccharides yield	Φ	[95]
Tongfengxiao granules	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of the content of berberine hydrochloride and salvianolic acid B	t	[96]
Zhimahuang group in Shufeng Dingchuan granules	Box–Behnken design	The highest comprehensive score of transfer rates of ephedrine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, amygdalin, and solid content	ρ, Φ, t	[97]
Shenqi compound recipe	Box–Behnken design	Constructed a satisfaction function with polysaccharide content and dry extract rate to maximize the value	Φ, t, CR	[98]
Wubie granules intermediates	Single factor design	Transfer rates of stilbene glucoside, asperosaponin VI, and solid content were high	ρ, Φ, t	[42]
Qifang Bimin granules	Single factor design	The highest comprehensive score of extraction rates of astragaloside IV and paeoniflorin	ρ	[99]
Bazhen granules	Orthogonal design	Dry extract rate and paeoniflorin content were high	Φ, t	[100]
Qianyang Yuyin granules	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of stilbene glycoside content and dry extract rate	No significant factor	[101]
Biqiu granules	Plackett–Burman design, Box–Behnken design	The highest comprehensive score of caffeic acid content and rosmarinic acid content	ρ, Φ, t	[102]
Chailing Hugan granules	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of dry extract rate, total flavonoids content, and polysaccharides content	t, C_c	[103]
Dendrobium Candidum eye drops	Orthogonal design	The highest crude polysaccharides content	No significant factor	[104]
Ganmaoling granules	Single factor design	The highest dry extract rate	C_e, ρ, Φ, t	[105]
Majiezhike granules	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of retention rate of ephedrine hydrochloride and decrement of solid matter	t	[106]
Shouwu Granula	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of stilbenes content and dry extract rate	No significant factor	[107]
Lidan Paidu prescription	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of extraction rate and content of chlorogenic acid, jasminoidin, and salvianolic acid B	ρ	[51]
Qingyan Shuanghou granules	Box–Behnken design	Constructed a satisfaction function with extraction rate and chlorogenic acid extraction yield to maximize the value	ρ, Φ, t	[108]
Liqifuwei oral liquid	Orthogonal design	The highest of anthraquinone transfer and dry extract rate	ρ, Φ	[109]
Tong Fengqing cataplasm	Orthogonal design	The highest of total retention of matrine and oxymatrine	ρ	[110]
Dingtongning granule	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of dry extract rate and transfer rates of paeoniflorin and ferulic acid	ρ, Φ	[45]
Zhidanhuayu formula	Single factor design	The highest comprehensive score of dry extract rate, paeoniflorin content, and astragaloside IV content	ρ, Φ	[111]
Chaixiong mixture	Single factor design	The highest comprehensive score of total saikosaponin content and impurity removal rate	ρ, Φ	[112]
Poria Cocos	Single factor design, orthogonal design	The highest yield of water-insoluble polysaccharide	CR, Φ, t	[113]
Dibutyl particles	Orthogonal design	The highest phenanthrene content and dry extract rate	C_c, Φ	[114]
Xuanfei Zhike granule	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of hesperidin content, tectoridin content, and dry extract rate	No significant factor	[115]
Compound Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum	Orthogonal design	The highest content of monotropein, loganin and chiratin, and dry extract rate	Φ	[116]
Crataegus pinnatifida	Plackett–Burman design, Box–Behnken design	The highest retention rate of total flavonoids	SS, DE, ρ	[117]
Qizhi Yifei granules	Single factor design	The high extraction rate of astragaloside, quercetin-3-O-β-_d-glucose-7-O-β-_D-gentian diglucoside and dry extract rate	ρ, Φ	[118]
Qingyan oral liquid	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of the transfer rate of irisflorentin and total glycosides	Φ	[119]
Yinchen mixture	Single factor design, central composite design	Constructed a satisfaction function with transfer rates of geniposide and solid removal rate to maximize the value	ρ, Φ, SS	[120]
Shiwei Ehuang granules	Orthogonal design	The highest astragaloside A content	ρ, Φ	[121]
Webikang granules	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of hesperidin content and dry extract rate	No significant factor	[122]
Panax Ginseng and Pueraria Lobata concentrated decoction	Box–Behnken design	The high precipitation rate and total saponin content	Φ, t	[123]
Compound lipid-lowering Sustained-release tablets	Single factor design, orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of extraction rates of salvianolic acid B, nuciferine and total flavonoids	ρ	[124]
Sophora flavescens	Box–Behnken design	The highest comprehensive score of total alkaloid extraction rate and dry extract rate	Φ	[125]
A Formula including radix Puerariae, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Desertliving Cistanche, and Pinellia tuber	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of the content of paeoniflorin, puerarin, echinacoside, and dry extract content	ρ	[126]
Kangzhi Suppository	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of berberine hydrochloride content and paste-forming rate	ρ	[127]
Fufang Roucongrong Mixture	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of retention amounts of verbascoside, lobetyolin, and salvianolic acid B	SS, ρ, Φ	[128]
Fufang Shuanghua oral liquid	Orthogonal design	The highest comprehensive score of (R, S)-goitrin retention rate, precipitation rate of protein/polysaccharide/tannin, and solid content	t	[129]
Astragali radix	Plackett–Burman design	Not optimized	Φ, T	[130]

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ISSN: 1749-8546

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