Heat-clearing and dampness-drying medicine
|
Casticin
|
RAW264.7
|
Down-regulate the phosphorylation of AKT, thus down-regulate the phosphate kinase activity of IKKα/β, thereby failing to phosphorylate IκBα
|
[44]
|
Baicalin
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Reduce the protein levels of p-IκB-α, whereas IκB-α protein expression is increased
|
[45]
|
UC patients
|
Increase p-STAT6/STAT6 ratio, but decrease ratios of p-STAT4/STAT4
|
[46]
|
Wogonin
|
Caco-2 cells
|
Decrease phosphorylation and degradation of IκB; inhibit the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and TAK1
|
[47]
|
Wogonoside
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Inhibit phosphorylated IκBα
|
[48]
|
AOM/DSS-induced tumor tissues
|
Decrease the phosphorylation of IKKα and IκBα, inhibit NF-κB activation via PI3K/Akt pathway
|
[49]
|
THP-1 cells
|
Inhibit phosphorylation of IKKα and IκBα
|
[49]
|
Berberine
|
Colonic macrophages
|
Inhibit ERK1/2, p38, and JNK activation; inhibit IκB degradation
|
[50]
|
Colonic epithelial cells
|
Decrease IκB degradation and ERK1/2 and p38 activation
|
[50]
|
Berberine hydrochloride
|
DSS-induced colonic tissues
|
Suppress the expressions of phosphorylation of STAT3; inhibit the activation of IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB
|
[54, 55]
|
Apocynin
|
DSS-induced tissues
|
Reduce the activation of STAT3
|
[56]
|
SM934
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Decrease phosphorylation of IκB; abrogate the increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 induced by DSS
|
[61]
|
Interior-warming and drying dampness medicine
|
Aesculin
|
RAW264.7 cells
|
Suppress the phosphorylation of IκBα
|
[65]
|
Total triterpenoids of Chaenomeles speciosa
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Down-regulate the protein expressions of cytosol PPARγ, tissue p-IKKβ and p-IκBα, decrease the p-IKKβ/IKKβ and p-IκBα/IκBα ratios, up-regulate the protein expressions of nucleus PPARγ, tissue SIRT1
|
[66]
|
Cardamonin
|
RAW264.7 cells
|
Inhibit phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα; inhibit p38 phosphorylation
|
[67]
|
3,4-Oxo-isopropylidene-shikimic acid
|
TNBS-induced colon tissues
|
Decrease the change of IκBα expression in the nucleus
|
[70]
|
Wu Zhu Yu
|
DSS-induced colonic tissues
|
Down-regulated the increased phosphorylation levels of IκB
|
[71]
|
Clove
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Reduce the expressions of p-IκB-α
|
[73]
|
RAW264.7 macrophages
|
Decrease the expressions of p-IκB-α
|
[73]
|
Zanthoxylum bungeanum
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Inhibit IκBα phosphorylation levels; suppress NF-κB due to inhibition of TLR4
|
[74]
|
Galangin
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Suppress protein expressions of p-Ikk-βα; increase the expression level of phosphorylation of IκBα in the cytoplasmic fraction
|
[75]
|
Detoxificating and purgative medicine
|
Parthenolide
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Inhibit IkB protein phosphorylation; block the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα
|
[76]
|
HCT116 cells
|
Inhibit the phosphorylation of IkB-α
|
[77]
|
Arctigenin
|
DSS-induced colonic tissues
|
Suppress phosphorylation of IκBα
|
[78]
|
Andrographolide derivative AL-1
|
TNBS-induced colon tissues
|
Aattenuate the expression levels of p-IκBα; increase the expression of PPAR-γ
|
[79]
|
Andrographolide derivative CX-10
|
DSS-induced colonic tissue
|
Reduce the expressions of p-IκBα; increase the expression of IκBα and suppresses the phosphorylated p38MAPK, ERK and JNK
|
[80]
|
Brucea javanica oil
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Inhibit the phosphorylation of IκBα
|
[82]
|
Total flavonoids of Hedyotis diffusa Willd
|
RAW 264.7 cells
|
Suppress IκB phosphorylation, and reduce the phosphorylation of MAPK
|
[83]
|
Qing Dai
|
RAW264.7 cells
|
Inhibit IkBα degradation
|
[86]
|
Indirubin
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Reverse DSS-mediated up-regulation of p-IκBα and p-IKKα/β as well as down-regulation of IκBα and IKKα/β
|
[87]
|
Dandelion
|
DSS-induced NCM460 cell
|
Decrease the phosphorylation of Akt
|
[88]
|
Rhubarb-type anthraquinones
|
HT-29 cells
|
Emodin up-regulating the expression of IκB
|
[92]
|
Macrophages
|
Chrysophanol inhibit IκBα degradation
|
[93]
|
Gallic acid
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Attenuate the activation and nuclear accumulation of p-STAT3 (Y705); prevent the degradation of the inhibitory protein IκB
|
[94]
|
Allicin
|
DSS-induced colonic mucosa
|
Inhibit activation and nuclear accumulation of STAT3; prevent the inhibition of protein IκB degradation
|
[95]
|
Bergenin
|
RAW264.7 cells
|
Activate PPARγ, leading to increased expression of SIRT1
|
[97]
|
Fagopyrum cymosum (Trev.) Meisn
|
RAW264.7 cells
|
Inhibit IκB phosphorylation
|
[98]
|
Chlorogenic acid
|
DSS-induced Colon Mucosa
|
Reduce the phosphorylation level of IκB; improve the expression of ERK1/2, p-ERK, p38, p-p38, JNK, and pJNK proteins of the MAPK/ERK/JNK pathway
|
[99]
|
Blood-activating medicine
|
Liriodendrin
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Reduce in phosphorylation of Akt; Block the phosphorylation of IκBα
|
[101]
|
RAW264.7 macrophages
|
Reduce the phosphorylation of IκBα
|
[101]
|
Shikonin
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Reduce the expression of pSTAT-3
|
[102]
|
Tetramethylpyrazine
|
OXZ-induced colitis mucosa
|
Restore PPAR-γ expression; reverse increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation
|
[103]
|
(2)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate
|
IEC-6 cells
|
Inhibit the activation of IκB kinase
|
[106]
|
Curcumin
|
DSS-induced colonic tissue
|
Inhibit the activating signals of p38MAPK
|
[112]
|
Qi-regulating medicine
|
Norisoboldine
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Repress the phosphorylations of p38MAPK and ERK
|
[113]
|
Tonifying medicine
|
Eclipta Prostrata
|
HT-29 cells
|
Reduce the degradation of IκB
|
[115]
|
Astragaloside IV
|
CCD‑18Co cells
|
Inhibit the phosphorylation of IκB
|
[117]
|
Licochalcone A
|
DSS-induced colonic tissues
|
Reverse the increased expression of IKKα and p-IκB
|
[118]
|
The fruit of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.
|
AOM/DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Attenuate inflammation, tumor development and progression by down-regulation of expression of STAT3
|
[122]
|
Lentinus edodes β-glucans
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Modify p38MAPK and ERK1/2, and then phosphorylating PPARγ, which negatively regulates activation of NF-κB
|
[124]
|
Mango polyphenolics
|
DSS-induced intestinal mucosa
|
Attenuate the levels of inflammatory markers via suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, in part through up-regulation of miRNA-126
|
[125]
|
Astringent medicine
|
Ursolic acid
|
Macrophages
|
Inhibit the phosphorylation of IKKβ and IκBα; suppress MAPK signaling pathways
|
[129]
|
Rubus coreanus
|
RAW264.7 macrophages
|
Block the IκBα phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα; suppression of MAPK activation
|
[130]
|
Osthole
|
DSS-induced colonic tissue
|
Reduce the expression of p-IκBα and increase IκBα expression
|
[132]
|
RAW 264.7 cells
|
Reduce the phosphorylation of the MAPK/p38 protein; Facilitate a full recovery of the degradated IκBα protein
|
[132]
|
Tonifying Qi and activating blood category
|
Shen Ling Bai Zhu San
|
DSS-induced colonic tissue
|
MAPK and NF-κB pathways share crosstalk
|
[133]
|
Tou Nong San
|
TNBS-induced colon tissue
|
Inhibit p65 mainly by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IKKβ and thus the degradation of IB
|
[134]
|
Heat-clearing and drying dampness category
|
Gegenqinlian decoction
|
DSS-induced colonic tissues
|
Decrease the P-IκB
|
[139]
|
RAW 264.7 cells
|
Inhibit the degradation of IκB
|
[139]
|
Jianpi Qingchang decoction
|
DSS‑induced colon tissue
|
Increase the expression of IκB
|
[140]
|
Qing Hua Chang Yin
|
DSS‑induced colon tissue
|
Inhibit the expression of the phosphorylation of IκB
|
[143]
|
Caco-2 cells
|
Suppress the phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK2 and STAT3
|
[144]
|
QingBai decoction
|
DSS-induced colon tissue
|
Strengthen mucus barrier through inhibiting p‐ERK and Notch signaling
|
[145]
|
Chang-An-Shuan
|
TNBS-induced colonic tissues
|
Reduce the levels of p38 and p-AKT proteins
|
[146]
|
Compound sophorae decoction
|
DSS‑induced colonic tissues
|
Suppress the activation of STAT3
|
[149]
|
Huangkui Lianchang decoction
|
DSS-induced Colon Tissue
|
Decrease the IκBα and p-IκBα levels
|
[150]
|
Warming yang and drying dampness category
|
Modified ZenWu decoction
|
DSS-induced colonic tissues
|
Lessen the degradation of IκBα
|
[154]
|
Ping weisan
|
DSS-induced colon tissues
|
Reduce phosphorylation of IκBα
|
[155]
|
RAW264.7cells
|
Reduce phosphorylation of IκBα
|
[155]
|
Astringent category
|
Zhenrenyangzang decoction
|
TNBS-induced colon tissues
|
Attenuate the protein expression of IκB-α subunit and phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK)
|
[156]
|