The toxicology and detoxification of Aconitum: traditional and modern views

Chinese Medicine

Table 1 Effective dosages of Aconitum herbal extract and compounds

Effect	Herb/Compound	Species	Dose	Ref
Cardiotonic Effect
	Aconitine	Mouse	5.69 ~ 8.49 ug/kg	[119]
	Hypaconitine	Rat	250 ng/mL	[120]
	Higenamine	Rat	5-10 mg/kg	[121]
Arrhythmic Effect
	Aconitine	Cat	20-40ug/kg	[58]
	Aconitine	Rat	1.46 mg/kg	[122]
Anti-arrhythmic Effect
	Hypaconitine	Rat	0.5 mg/kg	[123]
	Lappaconitine	Mouse	1.2–3.8 mg/kg	[124]
Anti-inflammatory Effect
	Aconitine	Human	~ 10 mg/24 h, i.v	[29]
	Mesaconitine	Mouse	0.2–0.5 mg/kg p.o	[51]
	3-acetylaconitine	Mouse	0.18–0.3 mg/kg	[125]
	Lappaconitine	Mouse	6–8 mg/kg p.o	[126]
Analgesic Effect
	Aconitine	Mouse	25 ug/kg	[127]
	Aconitine	Mouse	60 ug/kg	[128]
	Mesaconitine	Mouse	39 ug/kg	[128]
	Hypaconitine	Mouse	10 ug/kg	[128]
	Pyrojesaconitine	Mouse	78 ug/kg	[128]
Antinociceptive Effect
	Aconitine	Mouse	0.028 mg/kg	[34]
	Mesaconitine	Mouse	0.025 mg/kg	[129]
	3-acetylaconitine	Mouse	0.097 mg/kg	[34]
	Lappaconitine	Mouse	2.7 mg/kg	[34]
Hypoglycemic effect
	Aconitan	Mouse	100 mg/kg	[127]
Anti-oedema Effect
	A. Carmichaeli	Mouse	60 mg/kg	[40]
Anti-tumor Effect
	Fuzi extract	Mouse	360 mg/kg	[130]
	Aconitum-derived alkaloids	A172, A549, Hela cell lines	1ug/mL	[131]
	Aconitum-derived alkaloids	Raji cell line	3ug/mL	[131]

ISSN: 1749-8546