Table 2 Antioxidant activities of E. ulmoides
From: Traditional application and modern pharmacological research of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.
Compounds | Subjects | Chemical composition | Effects | Notes | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ethanol extract of E. ulmoides leaf (EEEuL) | DPPH radical- cavenging; Fe2+-chelating ability; Lipid peroxidation | Total phenolic content: mg CAE/g. Geniposidic acid: 2.14 ± 0.04 mg/g. Epicatechin: 1.93 ± 0.05 mg/g. Chlorogenic acid: 8.45 ± 0.9 mg/g. | EC50 of DPPH radical-scavenging: 1.35 ± 0.03 mg/ml | Total phenolic content as chlorogenic acid equivalents (CAE) | [53] |
EC50 of Fe2+-chelating ability: not detectable | |||||
EC50 of Lipid peroxidation: 16.74 ± 0.09 mg/ml |  |  | |||
Ethanol extract of E. ulmoides leaf (EEEuL) | DPPH radical- scavenging; ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity | Total Phenolics Content (TPC): 94.46 ± 17 mg of GAE/g Total Flavonoids Content (TFC): 61.36 ± 0.59 mg of CE/g. Chlorogenic acid: 18.39 ± 0.09 mg/g Caffeic acid: 2.55 ± 0.08 mg/g Protocatechuic acid: 1.60 ± 0.03 mg/g Rutin: 9.99 ± 0.07 mg/g Quercetin: 3.51 ± 0.05 mg/g Kaempferol: 1.10 ± 0.04 mg/g | DPPH scavenging activity: 81.40 ± 3.63% Ferric reducing power EC1: 0.72 ± 0.02 mg/ml Lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity: 43.58 ± 3.29% | Total phenolic content as gallic acid (GAE) equivalents Total Flavonoids Content (TFC) as catechin equivalents (CE) equivalents | [54] |
Ethanol extract of E. ulmoides roasted bark (EEEuRB) |  | Total Phenolics Content (TPC): 40.07 ± 0.45 mg of GAE/g Total Flavonoids Content (TFC): 16.84 ± 0.20 mg of CE/g. Chlorogenic acid: 7.38 ± 0.12 mg/g Caffeic acid: 1.54 ± 0.05 mg/g Protocatechuic acid: 1.02 ± 0.06 mg/g Rutin: 2.46 ± 0.05 mg/g Quercetin: not detectable Kaempferol: not detectable | DPPH scavenging activity: 16.72 ± 0.25% Ferric reducing power EC1: 2.81 ± 0.09 mg/ml Lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity: 26.71 ± 2.21% |  |  |
Ethanol extract of E. ulmoides seed (EEEuS) |  | Total Phenolics Content (TPC): 19.11 ± 0.12 mg of GAE/g Total Flavonoids Content (TFC): 7.97 ± 0.11 mg of CE/g. Chlorogenic acid: 0.67 ± 0.01 mg/g Caffeic acid: not detectable. Protocatechuic acid: 0.26 ± 0.03 mg/g Rutin: not detectable. Quercetin: not detectable Kaempferol: not detectable | DPPH scavenging activity: 7.65 ± 0.20% Ferric reducing power EC1: 8.43 ± 0.75 mg/ml Lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity: 25.10 ± 1.37% |  |  |
Aqueous extract of E. ulmoides leaf (AEEuL) | DPPH radical- scavenging | Geniposidic acid Caffeic acid Chlorogenic acid Ferulic acid Quercetin 3-O-sambubioside Rutin Isoquercitrin Ascorbic acid | IC50 of AEEuL: 18.9 ± 0.2 μg/ml IC50 of Geniposidic acid: > 50 μg/ml IC50 of Caffeic acid: 0.8 ± 0.1 μg/ml IC50 of Chlorogenic acid: 2.3 ± 0.1 μg/ml IC50 of Ferulic acid: 1.6 ± 0.1 μg/ml IC50 of Quercetin 3-O- sambubioside: 5.7 ± 0.2 μg/ml IC50 of Rutin: 19.8 ± 0.2 μg/ml IC50 of Isoquercitrin: 7.2 ± 0.1 μg/ml IC50 of Ascorbic acid: 5.9 ± 0.1 μg/ml |  | [52] |