Fig. 3From: Advances in the study of emodin: an update on pharmacological properties and mechanistic basisMolecular mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer effects of emodin. Emodin inhibits cancer growth through suppression of pro-survival signaling pathways, including p38MAPK, AKT, ERK, and ILK, and induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Emodin also blocks cancer invasion and metastasis by inhibiting EMT and pro-angiogenesis signaling, including TGF-β, Wnt/β-Catenin, ILK, VEGF, and MMP9. Emodin is also revealed to harness the immune system for curing cancerBack to article page