Fig. 4

Effects of HE on the relative expression of neuroplasticity- and neurogenesis-related genes including Bdnf (A), Trkb (B), NeuN (C), Dcx (D), Syp (E), Nes (F), Creb (G), and Psd-95 (H) in the dorsal hippocampus of non-CRS + saline, CRS + saline, CRS + 10 mg/kg HE and CRS + 25 mg/kg HE groups. BDNF was significantly downregulated in the CRS + saline group. Notably, 10 and 25 mg/kg HE increased the expressions of Bdnf, Syp, Nes, and Psd-95. Relative expression was calculated by normalising the relative quantifications to the reference gene GAPDH as a ratio of the 2^CT(reference) and 2^CT(test). *p ≤ 0.05. **p ≤ 0.01