Table 1 Practical applications of SMSs and nSMSs in this study

S. japonica

The whole plant was used to treat cough, sore, rheumatism, etc [15]

No

S. officinalis

The whole plant was used as spices or to treat indigestion [16]

No

S. deserta

The plant root was used as S. miltiorrhiza alternatives in folk and to treat cardiovascular diseases [17]

Yes

S. hispanica

The whole plant was used as spices, bactericide, anthelmintic or for regulating the central nervous system [18]

No

S. leucantha

The whole plant was used as ornamental flower or for regulating the central nervous system [19]

Yes

S. pansamalensis

ditto [20]

Yes

S. plebeia

The whole plant was used to treat fall, tracheitis, cervicitis, etc [21]

No

S. roborowskii

The whole plant was used to clear liver, clear eyes and relieve pains [22]

No

S. miltiorrhiza

The plant root was used as TCM Danshen to treat cardiovascular diseases [23]

No

S. yunnanensis

The plant root was used as S. miltiorrhiza alternatives in folk medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases [24]

No

S. prattii

ditto [25]

No

S. bulleyana

ditto [26]

No

S. digitaloides

ditto [27]

Yes

S. przewalskii

ditto [28]

No