Table 1 Clinical categories of PH
Categories | Pathogenesis |
|---|---|
Pulmonary arterial hypertension | Idiopathic; Heritable (BMPR2 or other mutation); Drug or toxin-induced PH; Connective tissue disease and HIV infection et al.; Schistosomiasis |
Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease | Left ventricular systolic/diastolic dysfunction; Valvular disease et al |
Pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases or hypoxia | Chronic exposure to high altitude; Other lung diseases |
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension | Other pulmonary artery obstructions (angiosarcoma; arteritis; parasites; congenital pulmonary artery stenosis) |
Pulmonary hypertension with unclear mechanism | Chronic haemolytic anaemia; Myeloproliferative disorders; Metabolic disorders; Others |