From: CRISPR-Cas gene editing technology and its application prospect in medicinal plants
Species | Target gene | Gene description | Cas9/sgRNA promoter | Results | Mutation frequency | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Salvia miltiorrhiza | SmCPS1 | Committed diterpene synthase gene in tanshinone biosynthetic pathway | CaMV 35S/AtU6-26 | 8 heterozygous and 3 homozygous hairy root mutants | 11.5% and 30.8% for the homozygous and chimeric mutants | [119] |
Salvia miltiorrhiza | SmRAS | Rosmarinic acid synthase gene in phenolic acid biosynthetic pathway | CaMV 35S/AtU6-26, OsU3 | 5 biallelic, 2 heterozygous and 1 homozygous hairy root mutants | 50% | [120] |
Salvia miltiorrhiza | SmLACs | Laccase genes in phenolic acid and lignin biosynthetic pathway | AtUBQ/AtU6 | 15 single-locus crispr lines and 14 dual-locus crispr lines | 90.6% | [121] |
Salvia miltiorrhiza | SmbZIP2 | Basic leucine zipper transcription factor; negative regulator in phenolic acid biosynthetic pathway | CaMV 35S/AtU6-26 | SmbZIP2-deficient hairy roots | 12% | [122] |
Dendrobium officinale | C3H, C4H, 4CL, CCR, and IRX | Involved in lignocellulose biosynthetic pathway | MtHP, CVMV, MMV, PCISV, CaMV 35S /OsU3 | DoLACs-deficient hairy roots | 16.7%, 20%, 33.3%, 33.3% and 6.7% for C3H, C4H, 4CL, CCR and IRX | [131] |
Dendrobium Chao Praya Smile | DOTFL1 | Terminal flower 1 gene modulating flowering and inflorescence architecture | Ubi/OsU3, OsU6a | 13 homozygous mutant plants | 10.1% | [132] |
Cannabis sativa | CsPDS1 | Phytoene desaturase gene; Marker | CaMV 35S/AtU6 | CsPDS1-deficient seedlings | 2.5% and 51.6% for the homozygous and chimeric mutants | [139] |
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale L. Boraginaceae) | HSS | Homospermidine synthase gene in PA biosynthetic pathway | –/AtU6-26 | HSS-deficient hairy roots |  | [145] |
Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) | 4′OMT2 | 3′-hydroxyl-N-methylcoclaurine 4′-O-methyltransferase gene in BIAs biosynthetic pathway | CaMV 35S /AtU6 | 4′OMT2-deficient mutant plants | 85% | [146] |
Dioscorea zingiberensis | Dzfps | Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene | CaMV 35S /OsU3 | 9 Dzfps-deficient mutant plants | 60% | [147] |