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Table 5 Top ten most commonly used CM pattern (zheng) for UC

From: Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a review

Name

Therapeutic principle

Number of subjects diagnosed as CM zhenga

Frequency of reporting

Large intestine dampness-heat

(Da Chang Shi Re)

Clear heat and dampness, harmony qi and blood

23,031

517

Spleen-kidney yang deficiency

(Pi Shen Yang Xu)

Warm and tonify spleen and kidney

5585

192

Liver depression and spleen deficiency

(Gan Yu Pi Xu)

Sooth liver and strengthen spleen

3849

154

Spleen-stomach weakness

(Pi Wei Xu Ruo)

Tonify the spleen and stomach

2341

143

Spleen deficiency with dampness accumulation

(Pi Xu Shi Yun)

Tonify spleen and resolve dampness

2148

76

Qi stagnation and blood stasis

(Qi Zhi Xue Yu)

Regulate qi and activate blood

556

70

Dampness-heat due to spleen deficiency

(Pi Xu Shi Re)

Tonify spleen and promote dehumidification

3087

61

Cold and heat in complexity

(Han Re Cuo Za)

Clear heat and warm yang

2613

61

Internal obstruction of stagnant blood

(Yu Xue Nei Zu)

Activate blood and remove stasis

312

44

Deficiency of yin and blood

(Yin Xue Kui Xu)

Tonify yin and blood

120

44

  1. aThe caculation of this item is based on 616 clincial studies, not 895. Because among 895 clinical studies included CM pattern diagnosis, 616 trials included only one type of CM pattern for the inclusion of UC participants, while the remining 279 studies involed more than one type of CM patterns (e.g., for some studies, the UC participants were diagnosed as the combination of “Large intestine dampness-heat”, “Spleen-kidney yang deficiency” and “Spleen-stomach weakness”; for other studies, the subjects were diagnosed as the pattern of “Liver depression and spleen deficiency” or “Spleen-stomach weakness”, etc.). As the specific number of subjects for each pattern could not identified in these cases, we thereby excluded the 279 trials with complex patterns and caculated this item (number of subjects diagnosed as CM pattern) based on the 616 trials with single pattern