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Fig. 1 | Chinese Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Asafoetida exerts neuroprotective effect on oxidative stress induced apoptosis through PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

Fig. 1

Neuroprotective effect of ASF extracts on learning and memory deficits in scopolamine-treated mice. The escape latency during positioning navigation test (the first 5 consecutive days training) (A), Representative swimming tracks from all groups in the water maze test (B), The escape latency to find hidden platform (C), the numbers of crossing (D), retention time spent in relative target quadrant (E) on the last day during Morris water maze; The number of errors and latency in step-down passive avoidance test (F, G); The exploration time percentage of novel objects (Recognition Index RI) in novel object recognition abilities (H). Data were expressed as mean ± SE (n = 15). ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 compared to the control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 compared to the scopolamine-treated group

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