Table 3 Compounds isolated from American propolis

Brazil

β-Amyrin, glutinol

Triterpenoid

[420]

Bolivia

Cycloart-24-en-3β-ol, cycloart-24-en-3β,26-diol,

24(E)-Cycloart-24-en-26-ol-3-one, cycloart-24-en-3-one, lupeol, cycloartenone

Cycloartane triterpene

[421]

Brazil

Liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, formononetin, vestitol, neovestitol, medicarpin, 7-O-neovestitol, 3-O-methylquercetin, 3,6,4′-trimethoxychrysin, 3,6-dimethoxyapigenin, 6-methoxykaempferol, 6-methoxyapigenin, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxy)-4 h-chromen-4-one, dihydrokaempferide

Flavonoid

[103, 422, 423]

3-O-Methylquercetin, 3,6,4'-trimethoxychrysin, 3,6-dimethoxyapigenin

6-methoxyapigenin, 6-methoxykaempferol

Flavones

[103]

3-Prenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-6-carbooxyethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran, 2,2-dimethyl-6-carbooxyethyl-2–8-prenyl-2H-1-benzopyran

Polyphenol

[397]

nemorosone, gambogenone, 7-epi-Nemorosone, 7-epi-clusianone, methylinsigninone, aristophenone, hyperibone B

Polyisoprenylated benzophenones

[95, 424]

[425]

Propolonones A, propolonones B, propolonones C, propolol A

Flavonoid derived dimer

[102]

(E)-3-[4-Hydroxy-3-((E)-3-formyl-2-butenyl)phenyl]-2- propenoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxy-5-prenyl-(E)-cinnamic acid, capillartemisin A, 2,2-dimethylchromene-6-(E)-propenoic acid

Cinnamic acid derivative

[423]

Chile

5,7-Dihydroxyflavanone, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone, 5,7-dihydroxyflavanol, 5,7-dihydroxyflavone, 5,hydroxy-7-methxyflavone, 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone

Flavonoid

[426]

Colombian

Trans-13’-carboxy-5-hydroxy-8b-oxo-δ-tocotrienol, trans-13’-carboxy-5,6-dioxo-δ-tocotrienol, trans-13’-carboxy-δ-tocotrienol

d-Tocotrienol

[427]

Central Chilean Matorral

Prenyletin, trans-3,5-dihydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-hept-1-ene, acacetin, izalpinin, kaempferide

Phenolic

[428]

Cuba/ Brazil

Propolone A, propolone B, propolone C, propolone D

Polyisoprenylated Benzophenones/ Flavonoid

[102, 424, 429]

Cuba

Gallic acid, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, formononetin, biochanin A, (3S)-7,4’-dihydroxy-2’-methoxyisoflavan, 7-O-methylvestitol, (6aS,11aS)-medicarpin,(6aS,11aS)-homopterodicarpin,

(6aR,11aR)-vesticarpin,(6aR,11aR)-3,8-dihydroxy-9-methoxypterocarpan, (6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-8,9 dimethoxypterocarpan, (6aR,11aR)-3,4-dihydroxy-9-methoxypterocarpan

Isoflavonoids

[378]

Plukenetione A

Polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol

[430]

Mexican

Pinocenbrin, pinobanksin

chrysin, galangin-5-methylether, isorhamnetin, pinobanksin-5-methylether, alpinetin, alpinone, pinostrobin, kaempferide

Flavonoid

[431]

Ecuador

Naringenin, Sakuranetin, Eupatolitin, Rhamnazin

[432]

Chile

Pinocembrin, chrysin

[433]

Bolivia

Kaempferol 3-methyl ether, kaempferol 7-O-methyl ether

[421]

Brazil

2-Phenoxychromone

Benzopyran derivative

[434]

Bolivia

Cinnamic acid

Phenyl propanoid

[421]

3-Prenyl-p-coumaric acid (drupanin)

Coumarin

Benzyl benzoate

Benzyl ester

Brazil

Guttiferone E, oblongifolin B

Polyprenylated benzophenone

[434]

2-Phenoxychromone

Flavones

[103]

Chile

(E)-3-Hydroxy-1,7-diphenylhept-1-ene-5-acetate, (E)-5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenylhept-1-ene-3-acetate

Diarylheptanoid

[435]