Figure 1

Acupoints for electrical stimulation with the HANS device were located by visual inspection, measurement, and palpation of the participant’s hands and forearm/wrist. Four acupoints were stimulated: PC-6 (Neiguan), 2 inches (i.e. 2 cun) proximal of the palm, between the palmaris longus tendon and flexor carpi radialis tendon; TH-5 (Waiguan), 2 inches (i.e. 2 cun) proximal of the skin crease on the back of the wrist, between the ulnar and radius bones; LI-4 (Hegu), at the midpoint of the second metacarpal bone on the radial side; and PC-8 (Laogong), midway between the second and third metacarpal on the palmar side.