Fig. 2

DHJST improves toe swelling, joint injury and inflammation in KOA mice C57BL/6 mice were injected with 4% papain 0.1 ml (once a week for three weeks) into the right knee joint to induce KOA. After that, they were treated with 2 g/kg or 4 g/kg DHJST for four weeks. A Representative pictures of the morphology of the right knee joint of the mice after treatment. B Line plots recorded the thickness of the right paw of the mice before modeling (baseline), after modeling (modeling), and after weekly administration (1–4 weeks). Compared with the normal group, #P < 0.05; compared with the model group, * P < 0.05. C Detection of serum IL-1β levels in mice by ELISA kit. D, E HE staining of the right knee joint of mice and its pathological score. F, G Immunohistochemical staining of IL-1β in the cartilage of the right knee joint of mice and its mean optical density analysis. N = 8 in A–E, N = 6 in F, G