Fig. 4

GQD restores Meth-impaired metabolism of Akkermansia in vitro. A Pearson correlation analysis (PCA) among groups. B PCoA among groups. C The Venn (upper) and column (lower) diagrams of different metabolites in Akkermansia culture medium among indicated groups. D The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) of the screened-out differential metabolites of SV vs MV and MV vs MG. E Volcano graph of changed gut bacteria in SV vs MV and MV vs MG. F The top 10–20 enriched KEGG pathways of different metabolites in Akkermansia culture medium between SV and MV as well as MV and MG groups. G The comparison of changed Akkermansia metabolism in groups of SV vs MV and MV vs MG. SV, saline treatment in vehicle addition of Akkermansia culture medium. MV, Meth treatment in vehicle addition of Akkermansia culture medium. SG, saline treatment in GQD addition of Akkermansia culture medium. MG, Meth treatment in GQD addition of Akkermansia culture medium