Crude triterpenoid saponins from Ilex latifolia ( Da Ye Dong Qing ) ameliorate lipid accumulation by inhibiting SREBP expression via activation of AMPK in a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease model

Table 3 Effects of CTS on body weight, liver weight, and adipose tissue weight of mice fed with HFD

Parameter	Control	HFD	HFD + Simvastatin	HFD + CTS-100	HFD + CTS-200
Initial body weight (g)	21.10 ± 1.62	21.22 ± 1.21	20.31 ± 1.03	21.56 ± 2.02	21.64 ± 1.36
Final body weight (g)	30.35 ± 3.06	40.39 ± 3.02^##	35.63 ± 4.63^△	37.97 ± 4.13*	37.68 ± 2.91*
Body weight gain (g)	9.25 ± 0.91	19.17 ± 0.32^#	15.32 ± 0.53^△	16.41 ± 0.44*	14.89 ± 0.46*
Adipose tissue^a weight (g)	0.96 ± 0.23	1.67 ± 0.49^##	1.24 ± 0.29^△	1.37 ± 0.64	1.43 ± 0.54*
Ratio of adipose tissue and body weight (%)	3.22 ± 0.90	4.29 ± 1.55^##	3.51 ± 1.49^△	3.67 ± 2.16	3.84 ± 1.46*
Liver weight (g)	1.45 ± 0.14	2.26 ± 0.17^##	2.02 ± 0.39^△△	2.15 ± 0.22	2.09 ± 0.39**
Ratio of liver and body weight (%)	4.81 ± 0.60	5.74 ± 0.71^##	5.50 ± 1.47^△	5.70 ± 0.70	5.63 ± 1.30*

Adipose tissue^a: including omental adipose tissue, perirenal adipose tissue, and epididymal adipose tissue.
Values were expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 10). ^# P < 0.05, ^## P < 0.01, HFD vs. control. ^△ P < 0.05, ^△△ P < 0.01, HFD vs. simvastatin treatment. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, HFD vs. CTS treatment.