Table 2 Experimental studies on selected CM prescriptions in diabetes nephropathy management

Xiao-chai-hu-tang

STZ rat

↓TGF-β1, FN, and collagen IV,↑BMP-7, SOD

FBG, BUN, SCr, renal hypertrophy

200 mg/kg b.w

4 weeks

[100]

LiuweiDihuang Decoction

STZ rat

↓MDA, iNOS, tNOS, cNOS, ET-1, ET(A), ↑NO, MMP-2, MMP-9, GSH-Px, SOD

FBG, plasma insulin level

5, 10, or 15 g/kg b.w

4 weeks

[57]

Tangshenling mixture plus benazepril

STZ rat

↓ANF, GLUT1

UAE, CCr, K/B ratio

5 g/kg b.w

6 weeks

[71]

DangguiBuxue Tang

STZ rat

↓TGF-β1

K/B ratio, UAE, β(2)-MG concentrations, CCr, FBG, TC, TG

–

8 weeks

[69]

Dang-gui and Huang-qi mixture

STZ rat

↓TGF-β1, Ang II

FBG, TG, CHO, HDL, SCr, CCr, BUN, β(2)-MG,K/B ratio, GA

–

8 weeks

[68]

Tangshenning Recipe

STZ rat

↓TXB(2), TXB(2)/6-keto-PGF1 α, CGRP, MDA; ↑ET, SOD, GSH

–

35 g/kg b.w

8 weeks

[101]

Shenbao Recipe

STZ rat

↓CTGF, ↑MMP-9

UAlb, FBG, TC, SCr

13 g/kg b.w

8 weeks

[102]

Wu-ling-san

STZ rat

↓NF-κB, TGF-β1, FN, AGEs, mitochondrial TBARS, CML

UAE, UAlb, CCr, mesangial matrix expansion

2.5 g/kg b.w

10 weeks

[103]

Zhen-wu-tang

STZ rat

↓Ang II, ↑nephrin, podocin

Body weight, polyurea, UAE, SCr, BUN

320 mg/kg b.w.

12 weeks

[72]

FufangXueshuantong Capsule

HFD + STZ rat

↑GSH-px, SOD

UAE, CCr, masengial matrix expansion

450, 900, or 1800 mg/kg b.w

12 weeks

[104]

Hachimi-jio-gan

STZ rat

↓AGEs, sorbitol

FBG, UAE, CCr, serum glycosylated protein, BUN, serum albumin level, TG, TC

50,100, or 200 mg/kg b.w

15 weeks

[59]

Kangen-karyu

STZ mouse

↓AGEs, TGF-β1, collagen IV

FBG, BUN

100, 200 mg/kg b.w

18 weeks

[58]

Hachimi-jio-gan

OLETF rats

↓NF-κB, TGF-β1, FN, iNOS, cyclooxygenase-2, AGEs, TBARS

UAE, CCr, FBG

50, 100, or 200 mg/kg b.w

32 weeks

[61]

Yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe

HFD + STZ rat

↑Nephrin

FBG, UAE, 24 h U-nephrin

0.8 g/kg b.w

32 weeks

[105]