Induction of apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by extracts of Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. and Diospyros castanea (Craib) Fletcher

Table 2 Cytotoxicity of plant extracts in HepG2 and vero cells (mean ± SD) (n = 5)

Plant	Part used	% yield	IC₅₀ ± SD (μg/mL)		SI
Plant	Part used	% yield	HepG2	Vero	SI
L. coromandelica (LC)	Twig	6.01	307.12 ± 15.97^a	489.37 ± 37.43	1.6^a
C. tomentosa (CT)	Twig	6.88	316.70 ± 34.82	294.59 ± 76.25	0.9
E. succirubrum (ES)	Twig	8.94	207.89 ± 40.89	94.18 ± 29.10	0.4
D. castanea (DC)	Leaves	7.23	147.12 ± 10.34^a	237.11 ± 43.03	1.6^a
D. castanea (DC)	Twig	8.74	112.35 ± 18.26^b	>500	>4.5^{b, c}
B. anceps (BA)	Twig	5.96	212.74 ± 27.01^a	>500	2.3^a
Melphalan			39.79 ± 7.62	178.98 ± 15.25	4.5

^aModerate cytotoxicity with lower selectivity index (SI < 3.0)
^bHigh cytotoxicity with higher selectivity index (SI > 3.0) to HepG2 cell lines
^cNon-significant difference vs. melphalan (P > 0.05)

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