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Table 1 Concentration ratios of P. kesiya extract and melphalan combinations used in the combination anticancer study

From: Synergistic effects of melphalan and Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon (Simaosong) extracts on apoptosis induction in human cancer cells

IC50 Ratio in U937

 IC50 of P. kesiya (µg/mL)

0.02 (6)

0.05 (15)

0.1 (30)

0.2 (60)

0.5 (150)

1 (300)

1.5 (450)

2 (500a)

1 (300)

1 (300)

1 (300)

1 (300)

1 (300)

1 (300)

 IC50 of melphalan (µg/mL)

1 (15)

1 (15)

1 (15)

1 (15)

1 (15)

1 (15)

1 (15)

1 (15)

0.05 (0.75)

0.1 (1.5)

0.2 (3)

0.5 (7.5)

1.5 (22.5)

2 (30)

IC50 Ratio in HepG2

 IC50 of P. kesiya (µg/mL)

0.02 (1.1)

0.05 (2.75)

0.1 (5.5)

0.2 (11)

0.5 (27.5)

1 (55)

1.5 (83)

2 (110)

1 (55)

1 (55)

1 (55)

1 (55)

1 (55)

1 (55)

 IC50 of melphalan (µg/mL)

1 (40)

1 (40)

1 (40)

1 (40)

1 (40)

1 (40)

1 (40)

1 (40)

0.05 (2)

0.1 (4)

0.2 (8)

0.5 (20)

1.5 (60)

2 (80)

  1. The experimental IC50 concentrations of P. kesiya in U937 and HepG2 cells were 299.0 ± 5.2 and 52.0 ± 5.8 µg/mL, respectively
  2. The experimental IC50 concentrations of melphalan in U937 and HepG2 cells were 15.0 ± 1.0 and 37.7 ± 9.8 µg/mL, respectively
  3. aThe maximum concentration used in the experiment to keep percentage DMSO at <1 % v/v was 500 µg/mL
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Chinese Medicine

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