Fig. 2

Cytotoxic effects of C. pilosula and A. membranaceus on HepG2 cells. Cytotoxic effects of crude drugs were measured using the a MTT and b BrdU assay at 48 h. c Cell cycle analysis. HepG2 cells were stained with propidium iodide and subjected to flow cytometry analysis after 48 h of treatment with 3 mg/mL C. pilosula and A. membranaceus. The stacked bar chart summarizes three independent cell cycle experiments. d DNA ladder assay. DNA from HepG2 cells was extracted after 48 h of treatment with 3 mg/mL C. pilosula and A. membranaceus. 5 μM of 1-(9′-methyl-3′-carbazole)-3,4-dihydro-beta-carboline (MCDC) was served as positive control. All experiments were repeated at least three times and results are presented as mean ± SEM