Fig. 3

Inhibitory effect of anemoside B4 on the proliferation, apoptosis or inflammation induced by TNBS or LPS. a Sections of colon tissue (n = 3) were immunostained with Edu and observed by confocal laser-scanning microscope. b Fluorescence intensity of Edu stained points. c Sections of colon tissue were immunostained with TUNEL and observed by confocal laser-scanning microscope. d Fluorescence intensity of TUNEL stained points. e p53, Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase 3 was measured by Western blotting. f Statistical analysis of p53, Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase 3 protein level. g LPS-induced NF-κB activation. Caco-2 cells were treated with anemoside B4 as indicated concentration and LPS (1 µg/ml) for 60 min. Cells were harvested and total cell extracts were prepared. p-ERK, p-JNK, p-p38 and p65 were detected by Western blotting analysis. Total ERK, JNK, p38, p65 and GAPDH were used as internal standards. Each experiment was repeated for three times. h Western blotting analysis of proteins in the MAPK/NF-κB pathway. ^#: P < 0.05, ^##: P < 0.01, ^###: P < 0.001 vs. control group. *: P < 0.05, **: P < 0.01 vs. TNBS group