Classification | No | Chemical component | Molecular formula | IUPAC name | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alkaloids | 1 | Ligustrazine | C8H12N2 | 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine | |
Alkaloids | 2 | Tetrandrine | C38H42N2O6 | (1S,14S)-9,20,21,25-tetramethoxy-15,30-dimethyl-7,23-dioxa-15,30-diazaheptacyclo[22.6.2.23,6.18,12.114,18.027,31.022,33]hexatriaconta-3(36),4,6(35),8,10,12(34),18,20,22(33),24,26,31-dodecaene | [77] |
Flavonoids | 3 | Breviscapine | C21H18O12 | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[5,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | [79] |
Flavonoids | 4 | Puerarin | C21H20O9 | 7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) oxan-2-yl] chromen-4-one | |
Flavonoids | 5 | Genistein | C15H10O5 | 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) chromen-4-one | [82] |
Flavonoids | 6 | Baicalein | C15H10O5 | 5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one | |
Flavonoids | 7 | Quercetin | C15H10O7 | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one | [85] |
Flavonoids | 8 | Isoquercitrin | C21H20O12 | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) oxan-2-yl] oxychromen-4-one | [86] |
Flavonoids | 9 | Dihydromyricetin | C15H12O8 | (2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | [87] |
Polyphenols | 10 | Danshensu | C9H10O5 | (2R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid | [88] |
Polyphenols | 11 | Salvianolic acid A | C26H22O10 | (2R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[(E)-3-[2-[(E)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]prop-2-enoyl]oxypropanoic acid | [89] |
Polyphenols | 12 | Resveratrol | C14H12O3 | 5-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol | [92] |
Terpenes | 13 | Dihydroartemisinin | C15H24O5 | (1R,4S,5R,8S,9R,10S,12R,13R)-1,5,9-trimethyl-11,14,15,16-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.3.1.04,13.08,13] hexadecan-10-ol | [93] |
Terpenes | 14 | Triptolide | C20H24O6 | (1S,2S,4S,5S,7R,8R,9S,11S,13S)-8-hydroxy-1-methyl-7-propan-2-yl-3,6,10,16-tetraoxaheptacyclo[11.7.0.02,4.02,9.05,7.09,11.014,18]icos-14(18)-en-17-one | |
Terpenes | 15 | Paclitaxel | C47H51NO14 | [(1S,2S,3R,4S,7R,9S,10S,12R,15S)-4,12-diacetyloxy-15-[(2R,3S)-3-benzamido-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoyl]oxy-1,9-dihydroxy-10,14,17,17-tetramethyl-11-oxo-6-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.03,10.04,7]heptadec-13-en-2-yl] benzoate | [96] |
Terpenes | 16 | Glycyrrhizin | C42H62O16 | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-yl]oxy]-6-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | [98] |
Quinones | 17 | Thymoquinone | C10H12O2 | 2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione | [99] |
Quinones | 18 | sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) | C19H17NaO6S | sodium;1,6,6-trimethyl-10,11-dioxo-8,9-dihydro-7H-naphtho[1,2-g][1]benzofuran-2-sulfonate | |
Quinones | 19 | Hydroxysafflor yellow A | C27H32O16 | 2,5-dihydroxy-6-[(E)-1-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enylidene]-2,4-bis[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]cyclohex-4-ene-1,3-dione | [101] |
Glycosides | 20 | Salidroside | C14H20O7 | (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | |
Glycosides | 21 | Polydatin | C20H22O8 | (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[3-hydroxy-5-[(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]phenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | [104] |
Glycosides | 22 | Icariin | C33H40O15 | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | [105] |
Lignans | 23 | Arctigenin | C21H24O6 | (3R,4R)-4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one | [106] |
Coumarins | 24 | Praeruptorin A | C21H22O7 | [(9S,10S)-10-acetyloxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-9-yl] (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate | [108] |
Polysaccharides | 25 | Astragalus polysaccharides | C10H7ClN2O2S | 2-(chloromethyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazole | [109] |