Table 2 Chinese patent medicines or recommended prescriptions that can be used to treat or have the potential to treat coronavirus disease

Lianhua Qingwen Capsule

Relieves fever, cough, malaise and prevents disease progression

Inhibits replication of SARS-COV-2 virus, affects viral morphology, and produces anti-inflammatory effects in vitro

[51]

Jinhua Qinggan Granules

Exerts antipyretic and anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effect

Regulates interleukin receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase receptor, stimulates autoimmunity, inhibits RNA polymerase and thus inhibiting virus replication

[41]

Xuebijing Injection

Improve cure rates in critically ill patients

Inhibits viral replication and reduce virus-induced cell death and inflammatory response in vitro

[19, 60]

Qingwen Hufei Granule

Exerts anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects, clears the lung and relieves cough

Prevents the virus from entering the host cell and binding to ACE2, prevents the virus from entering the host cell, blocks the SARS-CoV-2 virus protein from binding to SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase, and blocks the process of viral RNA replication, thus exerting a control effect

[61]

Reduning Injection

Treats upper respiratory tract infections caused by high fever, slight evil wind and cold, head and body pain, cough, yellow sputum, etc

Reduces IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, ICAM-1, NF-κB and controls cytokine storm

[62]

Toujie Quwen Granule (Pneumonia NO.1)

Improves patient symptoms, shortens the time to fever reduction, and reduces the incidence of severe pneumonia

Mediates multiple immune and inflammation-related pathways to achieve anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and immune modulating effects

[57]

Qingkailing Injection

Exerts anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect against upper respiratory tract infections

Regulates immune function, suppresses cytokine storms and reduces free radical buildup

[63]

Reyanning Granule

Relieves cough and phlegm, relieves fever and inflammation, and relieves upper respiratory tract symptoms

Inhibits auricular swelling in mice caused by xylene and foot and plantar swelling in rats caused by egg white

[64, 65]

Qingfei Dayuan Granule

Treats pneumonia through antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects and immune function regulation

Acts on NF-κB, TNF, MAPK3, IL-1β, PTGS, CASP3 and other targets to exert various pharmacological functions such as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and immune modulation

[66]

Angong Niuhuang Pills

Treats of critically ill patients

Shows strong binding activity with ACE2 protein, prevents viral entry into host cells and has potential to treat coronavirus disease

[24]

Huoxiang Zhengqi Capsule

Improves weakness, and gastrointestinal symptoms

Modulates anti-inflammatory and immunological functions and intervenes airway remodeling to exert anti-coronavirus disease effects

[67, 68]

Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid

Treats fever, cough, and sore throat

Inhibits the activity of 3CLpro and suppresses viral replication

[23]

Tanreqing Injection

Treatment of acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infections caused by bacteria or viruses

By acting on ACE2 receptors and inhibiting the activation of NF-κB in the body, it can achieve antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, and produce therapeutic effects on infection, inflammation and lung injury caused by COVID-19

[69]