Fig. 2

JGSQ alleviates retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in db/db mice with DR. A TUNEL staining (magnification × 20) was used to identify the cell apoptosis in retina. B The number of apoptotic cells were analyzed using GraphPad Prism. C, D The morphology and structure of ganglion cells and endothelial cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Cell nucleus (N), mitochondria (Mi), rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), Red blood cell (RBC), mitochondrial swelling (), rough endoplasmic reticulum dilatation (), autophagy (). D The morphology and structure of vascular endothelial cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Mock VS Model. ^nsP > 0.05, ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001, ^####P < 0.0001. JGSQ-treated VS Model, Positive VS Model. ^nsP > 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001