Fig. 1

LWWL inhibited the replication of HBV in vitro. HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of LWWL for 24 h. Cell death was measured by CellTiter-Glo luminescent assay (A). HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of LWWL for 24 h. Then the supernatant was collected to detect the levels of HBeAg, HBsAg, HBV DNA (B–D). The data are presented as mean ± SEM from triplicates, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, NS: not significant (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-hoc test). HepG2.2.15 cells were subjected to treatment with varying concentrations of LWWL for a duration of 24 h. Cell death was assessed using the CellTiter-Glo luminescent assay (A). HepG2.2.15 cells were exposed to the respective concentrations of LWWL for 24 h, and the supernatant was collected for analysis of HBeAg, HBsAg, and HBV DNA levels (B–D). The data presented are mean values ± standard error of the mean (SEM) from triplicates, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and NS denotes not significant (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-hoc test)