Fig. 5

SC has an antiviral effect in vitro by increasing the production of IFN via ISD-induced cGAS-STING pathway activation. PMA-primed THP-1 cells which were seeded in the 6-well plate were treated with SC (20 µM) for 2 h, then stimulated with ISD for 2 h. Put Transwell chamber which seeded with HepG2.2.2.15 cells on the top of 6-well transwell dish which seeded with THP-1 cells (A). After 24 h we collected the supernatant to measure the levels of HBeAg and HBsAg (B, C). PMA-primed THP-1 cells were incubated with SC (5, 10, and 20 μM) for 2 h, then stimulated with ISD for 2 h and the blot intensity of p-IRF3, STING, IRF3 (D) was analyzed through Western blot. PMA-primed THP-1 cells were treated with DMSO or SC for 2 h, then stimulated with ISD for 3 h, induction of IFN β mRNA was measured by qRT-PCR (E). PMA-primed THP-1 cells were treated with DMSO or SC for 2 h, then stimulated with ISD for 6 h, secreted IFN β were detected by ELISA (E). Data are shown as mean ± SEM from triplicates, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, NS: not significant (one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-hoc test or unpaired Student’s t-test)