Fig. 5

Influence of Cordyceps sinensis on the levels of MAPK protein expression signaling pathway protein expression in mice with NSCLC. A, B Immunohistochemical staining (20×) was performed using different types of antibodies. Tumor expression of Ki67 and VEGF was analyzed via immunohistochemistry. Ki-67 is a protein marker of proliferation encoded by the MKI67 gene. VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. C, D Protein level analysis by Western blot in tumor tissues of key targets, including RhoA, Raf-1, c-fos, ERK1/2, MEK1/2 and their phosphorylated forms in the MAPK signaling pathway, respectively. E The serum hematopoietic growth factor (EPO and GM-CSF) concentration in mice from all groups. F Proportions of CD4⁺T cells, CD8⁺T cells, DCs, and NK cells in different groups. All values are expressed as the mean ± SD with n = 6 in each group. ^###P < 0.001, vs. Control; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, vs. Model; ^&P < 0.05, ^&&P < 0.01, ^&&&P < 0.001, vs. PD1