Table 2 Commonly used detection methods and indicators in animal mechanism research of acupuncture treatment of pruritus
Detection method | Detection indicators | Effects evaluation indicators |
|---|---|---|
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Substance P(SP) [27, 31], 5-HT [28], 5-HT receptor [28], IL-4 [32], Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) [32], histamine [34], Prostaglandin E2(PGE2) [34], ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1) [43] TNF-α [43], IgE [44], IL-1 [42], IL-6 [42], IL-12 [42], IL-10 [42], Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [42, 43], Serum corticosterone [39] | Scratch behavioral tests [27, 28, 31, 34], general state, depressive-like behaviors test (open field test, sugar water consumption test, food consumption measurement, and body mass change measurement) [27], lesion, pathomorphological, thickness and dermatitis of skin [27, 31], weight measurement [31] |
Immunofluorescence | Beta-endorphinergic (β-EP) neurons [29], 5-HT neurons [30], cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) receptors [40], 5-HT neurons [40], GRPR neurons [40], Dynorphin (DYN)-A [41] | |
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) | Behavioral tests (including scratch) [38], skin thickness, and dermatitis scores were obtained [44] | |
Western-blot(WB) | Beta-endorphinergic [29], 5-HT 2B receptor protein [29], DYN [31, 44], Cyclic AMP response-element binding protein (CREB) [39], phosphor-CREB (pCREB) [39], deltaFosB(ΔFosB) [39], brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [39], tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) [39], dopamine D1A receptor (D1AR) [39], Dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein (32 kilodaltons) (DARPP-32) [39], pDARPP-32 [39], Beta-actin [39],CB1 [40],CB2 [40],(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) GADPH [40], GRPR protein [41],DYN-A Protein [41] | Scratch behavioral tests [29, 39], anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors [39]: elevated plus-maze (EPM), open-field tests (OFT), and tail-suspension test (TST). Atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions with epidermal thickening [39] |
Pathological examination | Lesional tissue [32] | Scratch behavior tests [32], skin lesion [32], weight measurement [32], |
Colorimetry | Degranulation of mast cells [44] | Scratch behavior tests [44], skin thickness, and dermatitis scores were obtained [44] |
Confocal image analysis | Iba1 localization [43] | Scratch behavior tests [43] |